Notes to Global citizen - Sir James Mancham autobiography page

Include: (1976/77)

The Bresnevh era:Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (Russian: Леони́д Ильи́ч Бре́жнев​ (help·info), 19 December 1906 [O.S. 6 December 1906] – 10 November 1982) was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (and thus political leader of the Soviet Union) from 1964 to 1982, serving in that position longer than anyone except Joseph Stalin. He was twice Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (head of state), from 7 May 1960 to 15 July 1964, then from 16 June 1977 to his death on 10 November 1982.

Fueled by large infusions of Western credit, Poland's economic growth rate was one of the world's highest during the first half of the 1970s . But much of the borrowed capital was misspent, and the centrally planned economy was unable to use the new resources effectively. The growing debt burden became insupportable in the late 1970s, and economic growth had become negative by 1979 .

The state of Europe, the USA, the world, the Signing of Charter 77 what it became. The most prominent opposition to the process of normalization was the movement known as Charter 77. The movement took its name from the title of a document initially circulated within Czechoslovakia in January 1977. Originally appearing as a manifesto in a West German newspaper and signed by 243 Czechoslovak citizens representing various occupations, political viewpoints, and religions, the document by the mid-1980s had been signed by 1,200 people.

Charter 77 (Charta 77 in Czech and in Slovak) was an informal civic initiative in Czechoslovakia from 1977 to 1992, named after the document Charter 77 from January 1977. Founding members and architects were Václav Havel, Jan Patočka, Zdeněk Mlynář, Jiří Hájek, and Pavel Kohout. After the 1989 Velvet Revolution, many of its members played important roles in Czech and Slovak politics. The group was linked to the National Endowment for Democracy



In October 1978 , the Bishop of Kraków, Cardinal Karol Józef Wojtyła, became Pope John Paul II , head of the Roman Catholic Church . Polish Catholics rejoiced at the elevation of a Pole to the papacy and greeted his June 1979 visit to Poland with an outpouring of emotion. { Form then on the paramount importance, influence of the Catholic church – other Interfaith, belief – Muslim involvement in the process}

Autumn 1978 to Autumn 1979, the issues of the COI ( Research by UNIDO/World Bank -IMF, the Indian Ocean Industrial Investment Promotion Center - based on the CARICOM/Pacific RIM Nation Association system) the greater political concept behind it.

On July 1 , 1980 , with the Polish foreign debt at more than $20 billion, the government made another attempt to increase meat prices. A chain reaction of strikes virtually paralyzed the Baltic coast by the end of August and, for the first time, closed most coal mines in Silesia . Poland was entering into an extended crisis that would change the course of its future development.

On 31 August , 1980 , workers at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk , led by an electrician named Lech Wałęsa , signed a 21-point agreement with the government that ended their strike. Similar agreements were signed at Szczecin and in Silesia . The key provision of these agreements was the guarantee of the workers’ right to form independent trade union s and the right to strike. After the Gdańsk agreement was signed, a new national union movement " Solidarity " swept Poland.
The discontent underlying the strikes was intensified by revelations of widespread corruption and mismanagement within the Polish state and party leadership. In September 1980 , Gierek was replaced by Stanisław Kania as First Secretary.

Andrei Andreyevich Gromyko (Russian: Андре́й Андре́евич Громы́ко; Belarusian Андрэ́й Андрэ́евіч Грамы́ка; July 18 [O.S. July 5] 1909 – July 2, 1989) was a Soviet politician and diplomat. He served as Minister for Foreign Affairs for the Soviet Union (1957–1985) and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1985–1988).

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (Russian: Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв, pronounced, born 2 March 1931) was the second last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until 1991, and the last head of state of the USSR, serving from 1988 until its collapse in 1991. He was the only Soviet leader to have been born after the October Revolution of 1917.

Perestroika

Glasnost

The 1987/88 - SIROP, Exile Return program, CDU, Alliance, DP, MPRD, SNM/MPR, SNP, Parti Seychellois
In spite of the above important events in the former COMECON, the USSR – FA Rene resolve – no change in the One Party government/system.

President Francois Mitterrand, chancellor Bruno Kreisky, Italy Premier Andreotti, German Chancellor Smidt later chancellor Helmut Koln, Ted Heath – Lady Tacther, USA President Ronald Reagen and Irish Premier Charles Haughney!!! Equally important the role played by South Africa Aparthide system in the process until its collapse.

August Coup attempt 1991 Russia.
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin (Russian: Борис Николаевич Ельцин​ (help·info); Russian pronunciation: (1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was the first President of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999.
Yeltsin came to power with a wave of high expectations. On 12 June 1991 he was elected president of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic with 57% of the vote, becoming the first popularly elected president. But Yeltsin never recovered his popularity after a series of economic and political crises in Russia in the 1990s.

The RIM Association 1994/5 -1997 Mauritius, greater economic working/integration of the nations of the Indian Ocean, to save the collapse SIROP etc exile return program.

Involved in the process the very important role of the French Arcahic – Fraternal Heritage, likewise Italian, Austrian ( British later) other Central European archaic/fraternal Heritage. Europe then and those involed – individuals like Dr Otto Von Hapsburg.

Equally important 20 years after the change – the SIROP etc exile return program the collapse, meltdown of the global banking system. Some 60 major banks in the USA. Collapse. Melt down in Western, USA economic – democratic values. In Seychelles World Bank demand the People call for Account some $2.8 billions plus 15% -20% above, which have gone missing.

1999 -2002, On account of the missing $2.8 billions, plus some 15% - 20% on top. The state of the world, OAU working, economic, politic. Our ability to understand aspects of the greater working of the world, mechanism - commitments, process which had gone on in EU and the OAU left behind - that OAU, the African system be made a suit modelled on the EU System - how President Ghadaffi got involved and why, the African Union. The $500/$800 billions Africa debt write off issues. Where have all the money gone. The debate had been going on since 1999.